People have been using mutt_format_string to work on a string in-place. That might function if you're dealing with an environment in which the replacement character is represented in one octet (i.e., is '?'); it does not work if you use a Unicode replacement character. I've made the necessary changes; the lesson here: Do not use mutt_format_string on a string in-place. -- Thomas Roessler <roessler@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>