[IVIZ-08-009] Grub Legacy Security Model bypass exploiting wrong BIOS API usage

["iViZ Security Advisories" <advisories@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>]

-----------------------------------------------------------------------
[ iViZ Security Advisory 08-009                            25/08/2008 ]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
iViZ Techno Solutions Pvt. Ltd.
                                            http://www.ivizsecurity.com
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

* Title:     Grub Legacy Security Model bypass exploiting wrong BIOS API
             usage
* Date:      25/08/2008
* Software:  Grub Legacy

--[ Synopsis:

    The password checking routine of Grub fails to sanitize the
    BIOS keyboard buffer before AND after reading passwords.

--[ Affected Software:

  * Grub Legacy 0.97 (current) and all previous versions

--[ Technical description:

    Grub's pre-boot authentication routines use the BIOS API to
    read user input via the keyboard. The BIOS internally copies the
    keystrokes in a RAM structure called the BIOS Keyboard buffer
    inside the BIOS Data Area. This buffer is not flushed after use,
    resulting in potential plain text password leakage once the OS
    is fully booted, assuming the attacker can read the password at
    physical memory location 0x40:0x1e. It is also possible for a root
    user to reboot the computer by instrumenting the BIOS keyboard
    buffer in spite of the full disk encryption.


--[ Impact:

  1) Plain text password disclosure.
     Required privileges to perform this operation are OS dependent,
     from unprivileged users under Windows (any), to root under most
     Unix.

  2) A privileged attacker able to write to the MBR and knowing the
     password (for instance thanks to 1), is able to reboot the computer
     in spite of the password prompted at boot time (and in spite of
     disk encryption) by initializing the BIOS keyboard buffer with the
     correct password (using an intermediary bootloader that will in turn
     run Grub).

--[ Full Technical Whitepaper

    http://www.ivizsecurity.com/research/preboot/preboot_whitepaper.pdf

--[ Vendor response:

  * No Response from author in spite of multiple solicitations.

  * vendor-sec@xxxxxx has been intimated and distribution makers are
    working on separate fixes.

--[ Credits:

    This vulnerability was discovered by Security Researcher
    Jonathan Brossard from iViZ Techno Solutions Pvt. Ltd.

--[ Disclosure timeline:

  * First private disclosure to vendor on July 15th 2008
  * Contacted vendor-sec@xxxxxx and bug-grub@xxxxxxx on July 29th 2008
  * First Public disclosure at Defcon 16 on August 10th 2008

--[ Reference:

    http://www.ivizsecurity.com/security-advisory.html