IRM Advisory: Cisco IOS LPD Remote Stack Overflow
----------------------------------------------------------------------
IRM Security Advisory 024
Cisco IOS LPD Remote Stack Overflow
Vulnerability Type / Importance: Remote Code Execution / High
Problem Discovered: 30 July 2007
Vendor Contacted: 30 July 2007
Advisory Published: 10 October 2007
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract:
The LPD daemon included in Cisco IOS is vulnerable to a remote stack
overflow
Description:
The Line Printer Daemon, which provides print server functionality in
Cisco IOS is vulnerable to a software flaw whereby the length of the
hostname of the router is not checked before being copied into a fixed
size memory buffer. This results in IOS crashing if the hostname is too
long, but could potentially result is arbitrary code execution. However,
the attacker must be able to control the hostname of the router, which
could be achieved via SNMP.
Technical Details:
When the LPD daemon is configured in Cisco IOS it listens on the default
LPD TCP port, 515. If connected to with a source TCP port of anything
other than 515 the following error is displayed:
$ telnet 172.30.3.101 515
Trying 172.30.3.101...
Connected to 172.30.3.101 (172.30.3.101).
Escape character is '^]'.
hostname_of_the_router: /usr/lib/lpd: Malformed from address
If the hostname is 99 characters or longer then the overflow occurs as
the result of a call to the sprintf() function. Although this is
technically a stack overflow, because IOS allocates heap memory for
process stacks, the memory overwritten is actually heap. However, as the
heap memory is acting as a stack, the return address, stored before the
start of the character buffer, can be overwritten by the hostname when
the overflow occurs, but for some reason the crash doesn't occur until
the buffer intrudes into the "red zone" at the boundary of the heap
chunk. Therefore, when the crash happens and the router reboots, the
memory dump indicates heap corruption.
It must be reiterated that control of the hostname is required to
exploit this vulnerability. If SNMP is running on the device and the
"read/write" community string is known (this is often set to the default
value "private") then the hostname can be set as follows:
$ snmpset -Os -c private -v 1 10.0.0.1 system.sysName.0 s long_hostname
Vendor & Patch Information:
Cisco has released an update to resolve this issue; this can be
downloaded from:
http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sr-20071010-lpd.shtml
Workaround:
Cisco has provided the following workaround to mitigate this
vulnerability:
http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sr-20071010-lpd.shtml
Tested/Affected Versions:
IRM identified this vulnerability in IOS version 12.3(22)
Credits:
Research & Advisory: Andy Davis
Disclaimer:
All information in this advisory is provided on an 'as is' basis in the
hope that it will be useful. Information Risk Management Plc is not
responsible for any risks or occurrences caused by the application of
this information.
www.irmplc.com